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  April 16, 2021, Beijing South A fire accident occurred at an energy storage power station near the Fourth Ring Road. During the rescue process, the power station exploded suddenly, killing two firefighters, injuring one firefighter, and losing contact with one employee in the power station.

 April 6, 2021 Korea One PV The energy storage system of the power station caught fire and burned an area of ​​22 square meters, causing a total loss of about 440 million won (about 2.58 million yuan). Since August 2017, there have been 29 energy storage power station fire accidents in South Korea alone. In addition, on April 19, 2019, a battery energy storage project exploded in Arizona, United States, injuring 4 firefighters, 2 of them seriously.

The fire accident sounded the energy storage industry Safety Alarm

  "Safety" is the key to energy storage development open topic. In recent years, fire accidents have occurred from time to time, ranging from energy storage power stations to new energy vehicles. Whether the commonly used fire extinguishing system meets the characteristics of the energy storage power station and whether there are better product choices are also issues that the industry has been paying attention to.

  By the end of 2019, the installed capacity of lithium-ion batteries accounted for 82.4% of the scale. During use, lithium batteries release energy through the insertion and extraction of lithium ions. Improper use, such as overcharge, high temperature, collision, etc., may induce a thermochemical reaction inside the battery, resulting in thermal runaway. "If thermal runaway spreads in the battery module, it will lead to the occurrence of a fire accident in the system." It is worth noting that thermal runaway will produce toxic and flammable gases, and lithium-ion battery fire fighting is more difficult, bringing fire protection. challenge.

  The relevant national regulations divide fires into the following types: Category A Solid substance fires, Class B liquid substance fires, Class C gas substance fires, Class D metal fires, Class E electrical fires, Class F cooking fires. The combustion situation of the battery in the energy storage power station after thermal runaway includes four types of fires: A, B, C, and E, mainly gas fires, which are not suitable for extinguishing with water or foam.

  The root cause of the battery fire is the accumulation of heat caused by the internal electrochemical reaction Burning heat, so takeSeparation methodIt can reduce disaster losses and cannot fundamentally suppress fires;AsphyxiaYes Eliminate the combustion caused by the high temperature electrolyte spray and oxygen, and can not inhibit the internal reaction of the battery; the thermal runaway of the battery is an electrochemical reaction process dominated by temperature, socooling methodPrevention and control of battery fires and cooling after fire control chemical reaction and chemical inhibition cutting off the combustion chain Fire extinguishing is aimed at the thermal runaway of lithium-ion batteries and their fires Preferred processing method.

  At present, the energy storage power station mainly uses heptafluoropropane, carbon dioxide, dry powder and other automatic fire extinguishing However, whether the commonly used fire extinguishing system meets the characteristics of the energy storage power station also needs to be comprehensively considered in combination with its characteristics.

  Dry PowderIt is not suitable for extinguishing electrical equipment and precision electrical equipment fires with rotating motors. It is often difficult to clean the equipment after the fire is extinguished and it is easy to cause equipment corrosion. In addition, when using dry powder to extinguish the fire, pay attention to cooling down in time to avoid re-ignition.

 CO2The fire extinguishing mechanism is suffocation and cooling. For lithium-ion battery flames, carbon dioxide fire extinguishing efficiency is not high, because the fire does not go out after 164s of fire extinguishing agent is applied, and the carbon dioxide flow rate is relatively high. It is small until the application is stopped, and the flame area and height begin to increase again, which is easy to cause re-ignition. Moreover, when the carbon dioxide is released, a large amount of frost forms at the outlet of the pressure reducing valve, and dry ice is formed inside, which prevents the fire extinguishing agent from continuing to spray out, and the extremely low temperature generated will also cause damage to the equipment.

 heptafluoropropaneFrom the perspective of human safety, the toxic gas generated during the firefighting process and the resulting low visibility will affect the safety of human escape; Increase, due to the high greenhouse effect value of heptafluoropropane, its emission reduction has been included in the Kigali Amendment, and it is a controlled substance in the second category of Annex F of the Montreal Protocol.

Perfluorohexanone Fire Extinguishing SystemSystem Why is it suitable for energy storage power plants?

Perfluorohexanone is a brand new gas fire extinguishing agent that does not belong to The traditional halon substitute does not have various problems of the existing halon fire extinguishing agent, and is a safe and reliable fire extinguishing agent that can be used in manned places. Atmospheric chemistry studies have concluded that it has no effect on stratospheric ozone. The gas medium fire extinguishing system sub-committee (ISO/TC21 SC8) and the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) have included it in ISO-14520 and NFPA2001, and western countries and Japan have already applied and promoted it to their own fire protection fields.

Compared with other gas fire extinguishing systems, perfluorohexanone is suitable for the analysis of energy storage station fire extinguishing and lithium battery thermal runaway suppression:

1.Perfluorohexanone's own performance advantages:Perfluorohexanone is colorless and odorless, stored in liquid state, with green environmental protection, high fire extinguishing efficiency, strong insulation, safe for human body, occupying The characteristics of small ground area and no residue after release meet the high standard requirements of energy storage power stations for fire extinguishing agents.

2.Scenario characteristics of energy storage power stations:full Fluorohexanone technology belongs to the most advanced technology in the field of gas fire extinguishing in the world. It uses a combination of physical cooling and chemical inhibition to extinguish the fire. In the actual fire extinguishing, in addition to extinguishing the fire, it also cools the battery, so that the diaphragm inside the battery does not continue to decompose. It can destroy and block the thermal runaway chain inside the battery, which can really effectively extinguish the fire; it also has excellent insulation performance for live equipment, and does not corrode or damage all kinds of live equipment; perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent at room temperature is Liquid, easy to store and transport (mobile energy storage vehicle); perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent can also be applied to portable fire extinguishers and pump-type liquid fire sprinkler systems in addition to total submerged fire extinguishing systems, which can provide energy storage stations with many This kind of fire extinguishing device improves the diversity and applicability of the fire safety scheme of the energy storage station.